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Basque Fatherland and Liberty Terrorism in 19867(b)(3)

The Military Wing of the Basque Fatherland and On 2 February 1987, ETA-M staged a successfUL Liberty separatist group (ETA-M) remains adaptable, car-bomb attack against a military bus in Zaragoza, dedicated, and resourcefUL in waging its 18-year

killing two persons and wounding 40 others in its campaign to establish an independent Basque state. first attack in that city. The capture of a major ETA arsenal and hideout in southern France, coupled with the arrests of several The broadening of operations, however, does not “Madrid Commando" terrorists, however, was an appear to have diluted its efforts elsewhere. ETA-M's unexpected blow to the group's morale and

activity was especially deadly in Madrid, where 22 operational capabilities. Nevertheless, we think these persons died. The majority of ETA-M's international setbacks are temporary, and fully expect the group to attacks, however, still occurred on the group's home resume its campaign of terrorist violence against turf in the Basque region.

(b)(3) Madrid and Paris, Spain's new ally in the struggle against Basque terrorism. (b)(3)

Setbacks for ETA-M

ETA-M was hurt by the active and successfUL Overview

campaign waged by Spanish and French police, who In 1986, ETA-M was the most active terrorist group cooperated more closely last year than ever before. in Western Europe, with 36 international attacks. Moreover, the group's more violent tactics may be Adding attacks against Spanish domestic targets tarnishing its image among the Basque people. A brings the group's total to 56 incidents last year. Spanish amnesty program has been highly successfUL: ETA-M has always targeted the Spanish

nearly 200 ETA members have taken advantage of Government, especially the military and police forces, the program, which pardons terrorists who have not but in 1986 it also began to attack French interests in been involved in blood crimes and who renounce Spain. This accounted for the unusually high number violence. ETA-M's leaders attempted to forestall of international incidents attributed to the group and further defections by assassinating a former leader, a gave ETA the lion's share of all international terrorist young mother of two, who joined the amnesty acts committed in Spain last year. ETA-M's tactics program. The brutal murder-gunmen shot her in changed little in 1986: bombings comprised over two- front of her children at a festival-may have lost thirds of its attacks, and the group also conducted ETA-M popular support and, at least temporarily. armed attacks and committed arson. ETA continued affected its ability to recruit new members (b)(3) to use kidnaping, theft, and extortion of ll its coffers and intimidate the local populace

(b)(3)

Better Spanish-French counterterrorist cooperation

dealt the group major blows last year. ETA-M ETA-M extended its operational reach beyond the previously used France as a sanctuary from which the Basque provinces, Madrid, and Mediterranean resort group conducted operations across the border into areas to include other cities:

Spain. French security services last year cracked

down on the group's activities in southern France, • On 13 September 1986, ETA-M detonated a car turning over 30 terrorists to Spain for prosecution and bomb near a civil guard patrol in Barcelona,

expelling others of the 200 members who had been injuring three guards and a passerby. The attack active there

(b)(3) occurred shortly before Barcelona was selected as host city for the 1992 Olympics.

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Secrer DI TR 87-004 26 February 1987

Approved for Release: 2017/09/13 C05922884