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in Peru during the year, mostly directed against US interests. In November, members of the MRTA threw bombs and fired machineguns at the US Embassy in Lima, as well as at US businesses. Sendero Luminoso

Sikh terrorism in 1985 was international in scope. Its attacks victimized foreigners and resulted in high levels of lethality. Sikh extremists were probably responsible for the worst single incident

continued to target US interests, primarily by (b)(3) ever recorded the Air India crash last June. The dynamiting and shooting at the US Embassy.[

large number of Sikh communities worldwide could provide staging bases for future Sikh terrorism.

In Chile, which saw more than 865 bombings, some two dozen international terrorist incidents occurred throughout 1985, a number of which were directed against US interests. The Communist-affiliated Manuel Rodriguez Patriotic Front con

con(b)(3)"

most of the anti-US terrorist attacks in Chile.

• Japan's radical Chukaku-ha (Nucleus Faction)

conducted more attacks last year than in most previous years. It began the year with a January rocket attack on the US Consulate General in Kobe and demonstrated its capabilities to disrupt Japanese society when it shut down a large section of Japan's commuter rail system in late November. Thus far, this group h(b)(3)zined from deliberately causing casualties.

For a more detailed treatment of terrorism in Asia last year, sec the accompanying article in this issue.

(b)(3)

Outside the Andean Region, the terrorist threat was greatest in Central America, especially in El Salvador. Of particular concern to authorities there was a possible resurgence of urban terrorism. Elements of the Farabundo Marti Liberation Front (FMLN)in particular the urban terrorist wing of the Central American Revolutionary Worker's Party, the Popular Liberation Forces, and the renegade Clara Elizabeth Ramirez Front- continued to target US personnel in El Salvador. In fact, the greatest single death toll of US citizens last year came as a result of the “Zona Rosa massacre" in downtown San Salvador in June: six Americans, four of them Marine security guards, died in the attack. (b)(3)

Cuban President Fidel Castro continued to support political violence in selected Latin American countries, despite his efforts to portray himself as a responsible statesman. Castro's policy of revolutionary subversion and his support for leftist guerrillas will continue to be a stumblingblock for US counterterrorist programs. Cuba maintained its longstanding support to terrorists in countries such as Colombia and apparently undertook new initiatives in Bolivia and Argentina in support of regional terrorist groups. (b)(3)

Asia Asia remains on the periphery of international terrorism. Our preliminary compilation of incidents for 1985 shows that only about 6 percent of all international terrorist incidents occurred there. The activities of two Asian groups, however, raised concern in 1985:

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Approved for Release: 2017/09/13 C05632837